Date of Award

7-8-2026

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

School Name

College of Health Professions

Department

Health Professions

Major Advisor

Dr. Nancy York

Second Advisor

Dr. Chris Webb

Third Advisor

Dr. Elizabeth Cook

Fourth Advisor

Dr. Lyndsey Blair

Abstract

Virtual simulation (VS) has become an emerging technology to address the needs of graduate nursing students enrolled in asynchronous online programs (Fogg et al., 2020; National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties [NONPF], 2025). Due to the relative infancy of VS compared to its time-tested, in-person counterpart, limited evidence exists regarding rigorously developed, asynchronous VS grounded in established simulation best practices and theoretical frameworks. Inconsistencies in simulation design elements, evaluation methods, and outcome measurements are prominent in the literature (Kuszajewski et al., 2021; Patel et al., 2025). The purposes of this dissertation were to (a) examine the current evidence regarding VS in graduate nursing education by way of a scoping literature review and (b) develop and evaluate two asynchronous, pharmacology-focused telehealth VSs utilizing artificial intelligence (AI)-generated standardized patients (SPs) for graduate nursing students.

Available for download on Thursday, July 15, 2027

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